Publications Archive

Leisure for all - Opportunities for visually handicapped people

Summary: Leisure pursuits for visually impaired people (sports, arts, crafts, holidays, etc.)

• Acknowledgements
• Section 1 General
• Section 2 Activities
• (A) Sports and physical activities
• (B) Arts and creative activities
• (C) Other leisure pursuits
• Section 3 Appendices

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RNIB Leisure Service

Royal National Institute for the Blind 1990

Acknowledgements

The bulk of the information for the first edition of this publication was prepared by Andrew Neale, whilst on placement with RNIB, in 1985, from the Dunfermline College of Physical Education, Edinburgh. We are most grateful for Andrew’s. commitment to this task, at that time.

We are also indebted to Kay Evans MBE, formerly of the Disabled Living Foundation, for her contribution to the first edition and for her helpful suggestions concerning presentation and layout.

We also thank Doug Amor for producing a complete new set of illustrations for this edition.

Lloyds Bank provided a generous donation towards the printing costs.

Finally, we are grateful to the representatives of many of the organisations referred to in this publication for checking and in most cases, amending the 2nd edition drafts.

Royal National Institute for the Blind 224 Great Portland Street

London W1N 6AA Telephone 01 (071) - 388 1266

First published as "Sport and Leisure for Visually Handicapped People", 1987 @ Royal National Institute for the Blind 1990

ISBN 0 901797 52 9

Section 1 General

(A) Introduction

Throughout this publication, the term "visually handicapped" refers both to those people who are totally blind as well as those who are partially sighted. Wherever possible, the term should also be taken to refer to those with additional handicaps though, in some of these cases, specific provision for other disability groups may be more suited to their needs.

Where possible and acceptable, visually handicapped people may prefer to join their fully sighted/able bodied peers in integrated rather than segregated activities. In such circumstances it is advisable to establish beforehand that the other members of the group (and its leader) are prepared and willing to take part in integrated activities, to avoid any misunderstandings.

For most visually handicapped people in most physical activities, the normal pre-condition of fitness and other medical precautions should prevail. Additionally, however, those whose eye conditions are such that they are liable to retina detachment should avoid shock or impact sports, such as diving (into water) and martial arts. If in any doubt about any combination of eye condition and sport, seek qualified medical advice.

(B) Aim and purpose

This publication has been compiled as a result of many enquiries referred to the RNIB Leisure Service over a number of years. It has become abundantly clear that there is a need for one central reference source for people who are in any way responsible for providing leisure opportunities and facilities - as well as for visually handicapped people themselves. It attempts therefore to fulfil the following aims:

(1) to summarise the information received and advice given by RNIB over past years;

(2) to fill in any gaps in information about the provision of opportunities for all groups of visually handicapped people;

(3) to help visually handicapped people already interested in leisure pursuits;

to stimulate those who would probably become involved if they knew how to do so;

(4) to be a guide for those people who are able to assist in creating suitable provision.

Visually handicapped people interested in leisure activities need opportunities to take part in the activities of their choice and to have easy access to all available support resources necessary for making this possible. For this reason, the publication is "activity-based" in that information in the main working part (B) is presented alphabetically under individual or group-related activities. We hope the reader will find it easy to use.

(C) Roles and responsibilities

Many statutory and voluntary organisations are increasing their services, and providing more opportunities for disabled people - including those who are visually handicapped, to take part in leisure activities.

These organisations can be grouped as follows:

1. Statutory bodies

The Sports Council (see Appendices I(a) and (b)) is a body concerned with the development of sport and physical recreation among the public. It employs a professional staff at its headquarters, nine regional offices in England, and five national centres. It pays out government money for sport. Through its "Sport for All" campaign it encourages participation in all sectors of the community and works with all agencies concerned, particularly local authorities and national governing bodies. (NGBs) of sport. (See also C.3(b).) It assumes a UK role in

matters common to all home countries and in international affairs. The Scottish Sports Council, Sports Council for Wales and Sports Council for Northern Ireland. (See Appendix I(a).) have a similar status and function in the home countries.

The central government Departments of the Environment, Education and Science and Health also provide guidance policies for the development of sport at national level and advice about facilities.

Local authorities - departments of social services, education (including further and adult education) and recreation/leisure offer facilities, points of contact and a means of communication between groups and individuals. Disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped, should be provided for in these areas.

2. Voluntary organisations for disabled/visually handicapped people

Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (RADAR)

RADAR monitors statutory provision for all disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped and, where necessary, represents them to government departments. RADAR’s information service includes a monthly bulletin covering all matters of current interest and concern and annually revised publications on holidays in the UK and abroad for disabled people. For further information contact RADAR. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Disabled Living Foundation (DLF)

The DLF is concerned with aspects of ordinary life, which present particular problems to those with any disability, including visual handicap (especially partially-sighted people). There is an information service with specialist advisers including one for visual handicap and two for music. There is also an equipment centre which includes a section on low vision aids and also leisure items (see also Part 2, Section (B), 1.11 (Music)). A list of resource papers is available. These include "Recreational Activities for Visually Handicapped Children" and "Toys for Deaf/Blind Children". For further information contact DLF. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB)

RNIB carries out a national co-ordinating and development role

for leisure, and aims, in co-operation with British Blind Sport (BBS) (see 5(a) below), to co-ordinate the complementary activities of organisations for blind and other disabled people. RNIB also offers a leisure information/advisory service for visually handicapped people covering sports and physical recreation, the arts and other creative activities, activity holidays and games equipment. For further information contact RNIB (Leisure Service). (See Appendix I(a).)

Guide Dogs for the Blind Association (GDBA)

(Guide Dog Adventure Group)

The Guide Dog Adventure Group was formed to encourage and assist blind people to take part in adventurous activities outside the scope of their everyday lives, to extend and enrich their personal experiences and to provide self discovery through adventure.

Membership is open to guide dog owners, GDBA staff and any other blind or sighted people who wish to participate or help with activities. Annual membership entitles members to receive a cloth anorak badge, membership card, insurance cover during activities and a regular newsletter. Activities cater for all tastes from the energetic such as parachuting, water ski-ing to murder mystery weekends, and car driving. The Adventure Group is also a corporate member of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds giving members the opportunity to visit reserves, free of charge and to join local RSPB groups. For further information contact GDBA. (See Appendix l(a).)

St Dunstan’s Organisation for War Blinded

St Dunstan’s provides a similar service to that of RNIB’s Leisure Service, for its members and, in certain circumstances, is able to support mainstream leisure activities, especially where this assists national development. For further details, contact St Dunstan’s. (See Appendix I(a).)

Regional / county and local organisations for blind / visually handicapped people

There are many of these throughout the country offering assistance to individuals. For details, refer to the Voluntary Agencies Link Officer at RNIB. (See

Appendix 1 (a).)

3. Voluntary sports organisations

Central Council of Physical Recreation (CCPR)

The CCPR monitors statutory provision of opportunities and facilities in all sporting activities and its representative role and responsibilities extend to all sections of the community including disabled people. The Council provides services to its member national governing bodies of sport (see 3(b) below). CCPR has developed its Community Sports Leadership (Higher Award) training scheme to include optional units covering the needs of several groups of disabled people, one of which is the visually handicapped. (See Appendix I(a).)

The national governing bodies of sport (NGBs), many of which have a regional infrastructure, are authorities on rules and conduct for their respective sports. NGBs are increasingly helping with coaching, officiating and organising events for disabled people. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The National Coaching Foundation (NCF) exists to assist NGBs in developing their coach education Programmes. NCF offers resource booklets, videotapes, courses and research opportunities for coaches from all sports and at all levels. Units of study’ concerned with the needs of disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped, have also been developed. (See Appendix 1 (a).)

Many local individual sports groups/clubs (which operate mainly from community sports/leisure centres) offer facilities and integrated participation at local level. For details contact your nearest sports/leisure centre.

4. Voluntary sports associations for disabled people

The British, Scottish and Welsh Sports Associations for the Disabled (BSAD, SSAD, WSAD) and the Northern Ireland Committee on Sport for the Disabled (see Appendix I(a)) represent the interests of all disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped, in sport and physical recreation. BSAD has a regional infrastructure, similar to the Sports Council’s, through which over 760 clubs are affiliated and the association employs a full-time development officer in each of the ten English regions. For further information contact BSAD. (See Appendix l(a).)

The British Paralympic Association is the co-ordinating body for multi-disabled sports for competitions at international level. (See Appendix l(a).)

5. Voluntary sports, associations of visually handicapped people

National- British Blind Sport (BBS) (formerly British Association for Sporting and Recreational Activities for the Blind, BASRAB) is the national co-ordinating, development and representative body of visually handicapped sports people throughout the UK. The association services a number of sport-based sub-committees that organise national events, and/or selection, and training of national squads and teams and their involvement in international events. BBS is the UK representative body in the International

Blind Sports Association (IBSA). "Participation" is the association’s quarterly magazine, which is available in print and on tape. For further information contact Administrative and Development Officer, BBS. (See Appendix l(a).)

Regional - there are a number of regionally-based sports organisations of visually handicapped people in the UK also involved in the organisation of sporting and recreational events at regional and, in some cases, national level; for example, SASRAB (Scotland), Northern Sports (North West), Blind Outdoor Leisure Development (BOLD) (East Midlands), Metropolitan and London Sports and Social Clubs (London) and Avon Sports and Social Club (South West). Most of these are members of British Blind Sport from whom contact details are available.

Local - there are an increasing number of locally-based sports clubs of/for blind people, run either independently or in conjunction with local social services, voluntary associations or British Blind Sport.

6. National arts councils

The Arts Council of Great Britain is the national body established to encourage the arts throughout Britain. Created in 1946, the Arts Council operates under a Royal Charter, which defines it aims as:

• to develop and improve the knowledge, understanding and practice of the arts;
• to increase the accessibility of the arts to the public throughout Great Britain;
• to advise and co-operate with departments of government, local authorities and other bodies.

In practice, the Arts Council acts as the major channel for public funding of the arts, a sum amounting to £155,000,000 in 1989/90.

The Arts Council of Great Britain, the Scottish and Welsh Arts Councils and the Arts Council of Northern Ireland have published a Code of Practice on Arts and Disability to encourage the organisations they subsidise to consider the needs of people with disabilities in the course of their work and, along with the regional arts associations, they are developing policies on the arts and disability. Assistance is given to most of the organisations in the Shape Network (see 8 below) by the respective arts councils/regional arts associations.

In July 1989 the Arts Council approved an Action Plan on Arts and Disability issues which calls upon arts organisations to undertake certain specific measures to implement provision for disabled people within a short time-span. Specific funding is available for strategic initiatives in the arts and disability, and a training scheme in arts management is available for disabled applicants.

The Arts Council of Great Britain has also publicised a directory of "Arts and Disability Organisations and Projects" (latest edition 1989) which includes a section entitled "Sources of Funds". (See Appendix l(a).)

7. Regional arts associations

There are 12 autonomous regional arts associations (RAAs) in England, and three in Wales.

The RAAs are one part of a complex system for sustaining, promoting and developing the arts in this country. They work closely with, and generate income for the arts from the Arts Council, the British Film Institute, the Crafts Council, local authorities, a wide range of government departments and non-arts agencies and the private sector. The RAAs fulfil roles within the overall system that cannot be undertaken as effectively by either the national bodies or local authorities. (See Appendix l(b).)

8. Arts Organisations of/for disabled people (national/regional)

The Shape Network

The Shape Network was established formally in March 1986. It comprises 12 Shape-type services in England, with an affiliated service in Wales and three in Scotland.

The Shape-type services are independent, autonomous bodies, many of which include the words "Shape" or "Artlink" in their titles; They all work in slightly different ways but share the same basic objectives - to create greater access to arts provision for people with disabilities and "special needs".

Shape was conceived as a service that sets up participatory arts workshops and arranges performances by professional musicians, actors, dancers, mime artists, visual artists and writers etc in residential homes, special schools, youth centres, prisons and in the community. However, each of the Shape services has extended this original concept and developed its own scheme, some of which, in turn, have become models for other services in the Network.

The Shape Network comprises three regional groupings of services - Eastern, Northern and South-Western - each of which has its own constitution and agendas. There is also a national conference once a year bringing together the services from all the regions. (See Appendix 1 (b).)

9. Organisations for young people

Most national organisations for young people encourage membership and participation by those who are disabled. The following have been particularly active in promoting this: (all addresses in Appendix I(a).)

Duke of Edinburgh’s Award Scheme

Young people aged 14-23 years who are visually handicapped can participate in the scheme. The scheme offers a wide choice of activities and recognises that for certain handicaps, such as blindness, some variation of the qualifying conditions may be necessary but this does not, in any way, lower the level of achievement. The details are outlined in the booklet "A Challenge to the Individual". For further information contact the Assistant Director at the scheme’s headquarters.

Outward Bound Trust

The Trust offers exciting and adventurous challenges for thousands of young people every year. 8, 12 and 20 day programmes, are offered to individuals; visually handicapped young people are encouraged to attend such courses. Tailor-made courses can also be arranged for groups of people and can vary in length to suit the groups needs. For further details contact the Trust’s Head Office in Rugby.

The Scout and Girl Guides Associations

Both Associations encourage the integration of young people with disabilities into their usual programme of activities. Many Scout Troops and Girl Guide Units throughout the UK have visually handicapped members.

To help both members and leaders, The Scout Association has published a series of fact-sheets and further resource material is available in both braille and on tape. A booklet entitled "Scouting with the Handicapped" is also available. "Fleur de Lys", a monthly (except August) journal for visually handicapped Scouts, is available in braille from RNIB Customer Services Department. (See Appendix l(a).) For further details, advice and support material, contact The Scout Association.

The Girl Guides Association is similarly interested in encouraging and supporting visually handicapped membership. "Trefoil Trail", a monthly (except August) journal for visually handicapped Guides, is available in braille from RNIB Customer Services Department. (See Appendix l(a).) For further details, contact The Girl Guides Association.

Youth Hostel Association (YHA)

The YHA welcomes visually handicapped people as members and can provide information on the location, suitability and other details of YHA Hostels throughout England and Wales. Contact the appropriate area YHA office for further information. For Scotland, contact SYHA.1.3

Section 2 Activities

(A) Sports and physical activities

1. Sports and games; fitness and dance training

1. Archery

2. Athletics

3. Bowls

4. Cricket

5. Fencing

6. Football

7. Goalball

8. Golf

9. Gymnastics and trampolining

10. Judo/martial arts

11, Keep fit and yoga

12. Movement and dance

13. Rifle/pistol shooting

14. Swish/showdown

15. Table tennis

16. Weight/power lifting

17. Wrestling

1. Sports and games; fitness and dance training

1. Archery.

Techniques for teaching/coaching archery are based on descriptive instruction and contact demonstration. Facilities required are the same as for fully sighted archers but there are a number of extra aids available when necessary. These vary a great deal but those commonly used are a block and board for positioning the feet and a vertical stand which grips an adjustable horizontal point of flexible material, for example, paint brush bristles for guiding the position of the hand of the forward aiming arm. Electronic aiming aids have also been developed but none have yet been adopted extensively.

The Disabled Archery Co-ordinator, Grand National Archery Society can give advice on aids/adaptations, coaching, clubs and competitions. The National Association of Archery Coaches is also interested in developing the sport for disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped. For further details/information, contact British Blind Sport. (See Appendix 1 (a).)

2. Athletics

Track and field events have been practised by visually handicapped people for many years and are now established activities at many sports clubs, schools and colleges for visually handicapped people. For details of local facilities contact British Blind Sport. (See Appendix I(a).)

Performance standards have improved rapidly in recent years and in some track events in the UK, visually handicapped athletes not only compete against each other but take part in the same events as sighted competitors.

For some events, the rules are adapted and appropriate aids are used; for example, in track events of more than a 100 metres, the athlete has a guide who runs alongside, using a length of rope or cord to help with direction. The runners and guides communicate verbally so that the runner can receive information on the position of his/her rival competitors. Athletics competitions for visually handicapped people are now held at regional, national and international levels every year.

3. Bowls

Lawn bowls is one of the most popular outdoor and indoor games for visually handicapped people in the UK and a number of local clubs have visually handicapped members. Few adaptations to the rules are necessary, though the method of play varies slightly. Once the visually handicapped bowler has learnt the techniques of the game, it is possible to play with minimal assistance from sighted partners and/or opponents.

Responsibility for developing the game at national level rests with the game’s national governing bodies and also the English National, Welsh and Northern Ireland Associations of Visually Handicapped Bowlers (ENAVHB, WAVHB, NIAVHB) and the Scottish Association for Blind Bowlers (SABB). Several national tournaments for visually handicapped people are organised annually. For details of these and of clubs and coaching techniques, contact your respective national association. (See Appendix 2(a).)

The International Blind Bowls Association (IBBA) was formed in 1977 and membership now includes several Commonwealth countries. The IBBA organises four-yearly World Championships at rotating venues.

4. Cricket

There are a number of recognised visually handicapped teams throughout the Country playing in league and knock-out competitions. The rules are adapted to suit limited vision and aids such as enlarged stumps and ball (size five, audible) are used.

For the past several years, an annual national knock-out competition has been organised by British Blind Sport in which local/regional teams compete against each other. Although, in this competition, the game is played on a non-integrated basis, teams, which are made up of both totally blind and partially sighted people, often play friendly matches against fully sighted/able bodied teams.

The BBS Cricket Sub-committee co-ordinates needs nationally and can give further advice and information about the game. Contact British Blind Sport for details. (See Appendix I(a).)

5. Fencing

Fencing can be adapted as a sport for visually handicapped people. One or two visually handicapped people have gained recognised fencing awards for personal performance and a fencing class for blind people was established in London by the British Academy of Fencing. For further information contact the Academy. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Amateur Fencing Association (AFA) is anxious to develop the sport for all disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped. Information: contact BSAD Regional Officer or the AFA. (See Appendices I(b) and 2(b).)

6. Football

Many sports clubs and schools for blind people play five/six-a-side soccer, either indoors or outdoors, using an audible ball and standard five-a-side goals.

In 1980 the British Football Association for the Visually Handicapped (BFAVH) was formed and the rules of the game standardised. British Blind Sport services a Football Sub-committee, which organises an annual tournament for schools and colleges under BFAVH rules. In both national league and knock-out competitions there are usually separate sections for partially sighted and totally blind teams. The British Blind Sport Sub-committee and/or BFAVH are able to provide further information on competitions and equipment. Contact British Blind Sport (see Appendix I(a)) or BFAVH (see Appendix 2(b)).

7. Goalball

This is an increasingly popular game, specifically designed for visually handicapped people. An increasing number of teams, both men’s and women’s, compete in annual national competitions and the game is also played at international and Paralympic levels. With the introduction of new goalball rules in 1989, the game has become faster and more exciting for both players and spectators.

The game is played indoors on a rectangular "pitch" which has dimensions corresponding to a volleyball court. The goal posts are positioned on each team’s "base" line; A heavy audible ball is used. Each team has three players who alternately throw the ball along the floor with the aim of getting it across the opponents’ goal line. The defending team tries to prevent this by diving across and behind the ball. In competitions, all players must wear eye-shades which are impervious to light.

British Blind Sport services a Goalball Sub-committee, which gives guidance on how to develop the sport at all levels. For further information contact British Blind Sport. (See Appendix I(a).)

8. Golf

An increasing number of visually handicapped people play golf: they adapt their techniques of play to the amount of residual vision they have. For example, some golfers play with clubs, which are grooved down the centre of the grips so that the club can be lined up squarely to the ball. Other golfers use a "bleeper" which can be set beside the hole to assist putting. General guidance is usually given by a fully-sighted guide (who may also be the opponent).

The English and Scottish Associations of Visually Handicapped Golfers have been formed to promote the game throughout the country. Special coaching can be arranged, if necessary, through the Golf Foundation. For further information contact your respective association. (See Appendix 2(a).)

9. Gymnastics and trampolining

These activities are increasing in popularity amongst visually handicapped people, especially young women, and particularly in the United States and some European countries. For further information, contact the British Amateur Gymnastics Association (BAGA) or British Trampoline Federation Ltd. (See Appendix 2(b).)

10. Judo and martial arts

Judo as a sport for visually handicapped people is becoming steadily more popular. There are now groups in some schools, clubs and colleges for visually handicapped young people. An increasing number of individuals are pursuing the sport in local clubs and some have reached high grades.

The British Judo Association (BJA) promotes the sport by encouraging affiliated clubs to offer membership and instruction to visually handicapped people.

British Blind Sport has a Judo Sub-committee. Each year, national trials are held and, as a result, there is now a permanent national squad from which teams are selected to represent Great Britain in international competitions. For further information contact British Blind Sport. (See Appendix I(a).)

11. Keep fit and yoga

Fitness and exercise classes for visually handicapped people are important as some people are unable to take part in any other physical activity. For further information and details of local facilities available, contact your nearest sports/leisure centre.

Yoga is taught to people with a variety of disabilities and there have been classes specifically for visually handicapped people. For further information on local classes contact your local/regional voluntary society, local/regional BSAD or Sports Council or local further education department.

12. Movement and dance

There is a wide range of recreative movement and dance activities available to disabled people including those who are visually, handicapped and each activity is represented by a specific organisation. Some of these concentrate on promoting movement training with music and some fitness training and dance which might be traditional ballroom or creative in character. Many teachers of these activities are trained to take classes of people with disabilities and, where appropriate, visually handicapped individuals can join open classes. Details of many of these and of special classes (for disabled/visually handicapped people) are available from local institutes of further education or departments of recreation/leisure, the local sports/leisure centre or the Regional Movement and Dance Liaison Group (contact these groups through the Regional Sports Council or CCPR). (See Appendix 1 (a).)

13. Rifle/pistol shooting

Some visually handicapped people participate in small-bore rifle or pistol shooting with aiming devices to assist them. RNIB (Leisure Service) offers advice and can supply some literature concerning the availability and development of aiming aids and about the sport generally. (See Appendix 1 (a).)

14. Swish/showdown

Similar to table tennis, these two games have been specifically designed for totally blind people.

Showdown was developed in Canada. A rectangular table is used with raised edges and a wooden bridge stretching across the centre, from side to side, with enough room for the ball (small, with plastic beads inside) to pass underneath. Bats are square pieces of wood with a handle extension and the ball is struck from end to end, each opposing player trying to defend his/her own sunken "goal" and/or attack his/her opponent’s.

Points are scored each time the ball drops into the opponent’s "goal".

Swish was developed in Australia and is similar to Showdown except that the game is played on an ordinary table tennis table with the net raised so that the plastic ball can pass underneath. Each player tries to hit the ball past his/her opponent’s "base" line and onto the floor beyond. A point is scored each time this happens.

Both games are fast and exciting and can be played as singles or doubles, either for fun or as an organised competitive sport. For details on rules and equipment of Swish and/or Showdown contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

15. Table tennis

For many partially sighted people, table tennis can be played without any adaption to equipment or modification to rules.

16. Weight / power lifting

Competitive weight/power lifting is growing in popularity with visually handicapped people in a number of other countries, for example, the USA and Germany. The sport has been adopted by the International Blind Sports Association, for development - generally with a view to international competition. For further information, contact British Blind Sport. (See Appendix I(a).)

The British Amateur Weightlifters’ Association has indicated an interest in making the sport more available to visually handicapped people in the UK. For further details, contact the Association. (See Appendix 2(b).)

17. Wrestling

Wrestling, like judo, is considered a suitable sport for visually handicapped people, provided that the wrestler is physically fit. The sport is well developed in several other countries for example the USA and Canada, in which Olympic-style wrestling is not only on the curriculum in special schools but is also recognised in national and international competitions for visually handicapped" people.

Although wrestling for visually handicapped people in the UK is not as highly developed as in these other countries, there are some individuals in the UK who do enjoy this sport.

2. Water sports

1. Angling/fishing

2. Canoeing

3. Rowing

4. Sailing

5. Swimming

6. Water ski-ing

1. Angling/fishing

Angling is enjoyed by many visually handicapped people, as both a recreation and a competitive sport.

Modifications to equipment and special aids are available to overcome most difficulties encountered by visually handicapped anglers, many of whom are members of local angling clubs.

National Anglers Council (NAC):

• provides information on facilities throughout the country; details of sites, officials to contact, species of fish, details of special equipment and useful names and addresses.
• has helped the Disabled Living Foundation (DLF) to produce three films/videos which deal, respectively with coarse, game and sea fishing for disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped. The films/videos can be hired for public screening. Details from the DLF. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Handicapped Anglers Trust (HAT)

The Trust was established in 1980 primarily to facilitate the sponsorship, construction and placements of purpose designed craft, (named "Wheelyboats") for physically handicapped anglers. By 1989, 25 such craft had been placed at different locations throughout the UK. For further details, contact HAT. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Handicapped Piscatorial Association (HPA)

This is a more recently registered charity, which aims to be the UK national representative body for handicapped anglers. It is intended that the association will take over the organisation of regional, national and international competitions as well as research into various types of aids and equipment for the benefit of disabled anglers. HPA will also provide a free advisory service on any matter relating to the sport of angling and handicapped people. For further details, contact HPA. (See Appendix 2(b).)

For further general information about angling, contact the NAC. (See Appendix 2(b).)

2. Canoeing

Canoeing is considered a suitable sport for visually handicapped people and the British Canoe Union (BCU) supports the promotion of canoeing for all disabled people including those who are visually handicapped. Its coaching scheme offers training in methods for introducing blind people to canoeing - teaching techniques can be introduced in a swimming pool. The minimum requirement for the safety of a canoeist in an organised group is’ to be able to float in a life-jacket, with confidence, after capsizing.

There are aids to help a visually handicapped person maintain a sense of direction when canoeing such as a bell or bleeper attached to a sighted person’s canoe. In general, the most effective aid is a sighted canoeist in the immediate vicinity giving vocal directions, as necessary. For information on facilities and opportunities contact the BCU. (See Appendix 2(b).)

3. Rowing

Visually handicapped people can and do enjoy rowing, particularly as a competitive sport but also as a recreational activity. There are rowing clubs throughout the UK, which have visually handicapped members.

In competition, individual visually handicapped people can race with a sighted team or in teams where the only sighted member is the cox. Rowing is one of the few sports in which visually handicapped people can compete with sighted/able bodied people on equal terms.

The Amateur Rowing Association (Rowing for the Disabled) can provide information and contacts in the UK. (See Appendix

2(b).)

4. Sailing

In recent years, sailing has greatly increased in popularity with visually handicapped people with the support of the sport’s governing body, the Royal Yachting Association (RYA) Seamanship Foundation.

There are many varieties of boats, which come under the broad heading of sailing and these can be grouped into four classes - (a) windsurfing/board sailing, (b) dinghies, (c) cruisers and (d) tallships.

Each year several introductory sailing courses are held for visually handicapped people to learn basic techniques and the RYA encourages visually handicapped people to join their local sailing clubs.

Examples of sailing courses which are available, are:

Wind surfing/board sailing. Instruction is very often included with other water and outdoor activities offered at adventure holiday centres. For information contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

Island Cruising Club offers two courses each year in dinghy sailing for visually handicapped people. For further details contact the Club. (See Appendix 2(b).)

RYA Seamanship Foundation, in conjunction with the Guide Dogs (GDBA) Adventure Group, organises three concurrent courses in cruiser sailing, annually. The courses are available at beginners, intermediate and advanced levels and are one week in duration. For further details contact GDBA or RYA Seamanship Foundation. (See Appendix l(a) and 2(b).)

Jubilee Sailing Trust organises tallship holidays for disabled and able-bodied people to share the experience of crewing a tallship at sea. Voyages in STS "Lord Nelson" vary in duration from a weekend to ten days. For further information contact the Trust. (See Appendix 2(b).)

5. Swimming

Competitive and recreational swimming has long been a popular activity with visually handicapped people.

Many managers of swimming pools welcome visually handicapped swimmers during public sessions but in addition, often provide special sessions for organised groups (sometimes with other disabled people).

Further details are available from local swimming pools or from regional BSAD offices. Interested specialist bodies include the Association of Swimming Therapy (AST) and the National Association of Swimming Clubs for the Handicapped (NASCH).

There are an increasing number of regional, national, and international galas and championships held every year either for visually handicapped people only or for all disabled people. The BBS Swimming Sub-committee is responsible for the selection and training of the national squad and team and for participation in international competitions.

For further information contact British Blind Sport (BBS), BSAD (see Appendix 1 (a)) or the Amateur Swimming Associaton (ASA) (Development Officer for the Disabled). (See Appendix 2(b).)

Swimming is equally popular in open water where normal safety precautions, as well as any special ones applicable to the chosen site, should be observed.

6. Water ski-ing.

Experienced coaches using modern techniques have enabled many visually handicapped people to learn the basic skills of water ski-ing relatively quickly. Anyone wishing to take up the sport must be a competent swimmer and a life-jacket should be worn at all times.

One of the ways of introducing visually handicapped people to water ski-ing is with a special piece of equipment known as the "Edge triple bar". This consists of three metal tubes attached together making the bar wide enough for three people. The instructors stand either side of the pupil and help by lifting him/her onto the skis. Once under way, verbal instructions are given until the skier feels confident to proceed on his/her own. Both instructors then release their bars at the appropriate time to let the student ski independently.

The British Disabled Water Ski Association (BDWSA) was formed in 1979 and is affiliated to the British Water Ski Federation and the British Sports Association for the Disabled. BDWSA is based at The Tony Edge Centre near Staines, Middlesex and is open every day, except Tuesdays, from 12 noon till dusk weekdays and 9.00 am till dusk at the weekend. There are also three regions, North-West, South Yorkshire and South-West. South-West region operates from Ivy Lake near Poole, Dorset. For more information please contact BDSWA. (See Appendix 2(b).) The Association’s primary aim is to encourage disabled people including those who are visually handicapped to take up the sport. There are two classes, of membership of BDWSA- full members, who are active disabled water skiers, and associate members, who are not disabled but who wish to help either with the Association’s development and/or its activities, generally.

3. Other outdoor pursuits

1. Gliding

2. Horse riding/pony-trekking

3. Mountaineering/rock-climbing

4. Rambling/hill walking

5. Ski-ing

6. Tandem cycling

1. Gliding

Opportunities are available for visually handicapped people to take up gliding and anyone interested should contact the Chief Instructor of their nearest club or write to the Secretary of the British Gliding Association for details. (See Appendix 2(b).)

2. Horse riding/pony-trekking

Riding is an activity, which is greatly enjoyed by people of all ages, and an increasing number of riding schools now provide the necessary training and facilities for disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped. Instruction for beginners may vary but usually begins in an indoor arena with the instructor giving verbal directions. As the rider becomes more proficient, he or she can begin riding outdoors. In the early stages, a long rein may be used and this could be attached to a leading horse with the learner rider on the following horse. Some visually handicapped people have learnt to ride with a high degree of independence and accomplishment.

The Riding for the Disabled Association (RDA) was established in 1969 to provide opportunities and facilities for all disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped who might benefit in their "general health and happiness". The Association, which operates through its member groups located throughout the UK, encourages the integration of disabled people with able-bodied organisations, which provide the opportunity for riding. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Pony-trekking has also been enjoyed by visually handicapped people who, with advancing years, may find this type of activity more suitable. For further information contact RNIB (Leisure Service). (See Appendix l(a).)

3. Mountaineering/rock-climbing

Mountaineering and rock-climbing are generally harder and more physically demanding than rambling although there are still relatively easy mountain routes in the UK. A number of visually handicapped people have taken part in rock-climbing with the help of sighted instructors/leaders. The Milton Mountaineers is a club which specifically caters for visually handicapped people and which organises regular mountaineering expeditions. For further information contact RNIB (Leisure Service). (See Appendix 1 (a).)

There are opportunities also at adventure/holiday centres; for example, RNIB runs a scheme for subsidising organised group activity holidays/courses for visually handicapped people where the activities offered include rock-climbing and mountaineering. For further details about this scheme contact RNIB (Leisure Service). (See Appendix l(a).)

4. Rambling/hill-walking

Rambling and hill walking are popular activities providing the opportunity for either quiet strolls through relatively flat terrain or the more strenuous activity of fell-walking. There are a number of established blind ramblers’ groups in the UK. There are also many local rambling groups in the Ramblers Association who welcome the membership of visually handicapped people. For further information, contact the association. (See Appendix 2(b).)

5. Ski-ing

In its initial development, ski-ing for visually handicapped people was in the cross-country (Nordic) style only. Soon, however, training techniques and aids were developed for downhill (Alpine) ski-ing; for example, two guides position themselves either side of the skier, with all three gripping a light metal bar. The trio of skiers move down the slope in a synchronised fashion, changing course by verbal direction. As pupils become more skilful, the pole is dispensed with and the skier relies on verbal instruction from one guide only. Such one-to-one instruction has meant that some visually handicapped people have become very proficient downhill skiers in a short time. Instruction has now improved for both skier and guide with the use of radio contact between the two.

The number of visually handicapped people taking part in ski-ing activities has grown steadily over the years and this is largely due to the British Ski Club for the Disabled (BSCD). Established in 1974, BSCD provides training opportunities throughout the UK as well as organising ski-ing holidays/ courses abroad. The club is in contact with ski centres throughout Britain and keeps a list of artificial slopes which have regular sessions for all disabled, including visually handicapped, skiers. Ski-ing activities include both Alpine and Nordic racing in

which visually handicapped people participate. For further information contact BSCD. (See Appendix 2(b).)

6. Tandem cycling

Tandem cycling is increasing rapidly in popularity both as a competitive sport and a recreational pursuit. There are many clubs and organisations of/for blind people in the UK involved in the promotion of tandem cycling and many visually handicapped people have become members of local clubs. The Tandem Club (Liaison Officer for the Visually Handicapped) also actively encourages and supports development. For further information contact British Blind Sport (see Appendix I(a)) or The Tandem Club (Liaison Officer for the Visually Handicapped) (see Appendix 2(b).)

Since 1982, Blind Outdoor Leisure Development (BOLD) in Lincolnshire has organised the "Tulip tandem marathon", an annual race which has attracted an increasing number of teams each year from the UK and abroad. The event has contributed a great deal to the fostering of tandem cycling as a popular and socially integrating sport for visually handicapped people.

(B) Arts and creative activities

1. Arts and crafts

Introduction

1. Accessing information on the arts

2. Art to share

3. Arts and crafts

4. Audio description in the theatre

5. Creative writing

6. Dance

7. Drama/acting

8. Career opportunities

9. Living Paintings Trust

10. Museums and art galleries

11. Music

12. Painting

13. Photography

14. Sculpture

2. Other creative activities

1. Gardening

2. Woodwork

1. Arts and crafts

Introduction

There is a developing awareness that disabled people have the same right as everyone else to enjoy the arts, and a number of organisations have contributed to this way of thinking: the Shape/Artlink network was initiated in the 1970’s to link artists with disabled and elderly people and other groups in the community which have previously had little experience of the arts. In 1981, Artsline (see Appendix 1 (b)) established an arts and entertainment information service for disabled people in Greater London, the first such service in Europe. "Arts and Disabled People" (1985), published by the Carnegie UK Trust (see Appendix 1 (a)), presented a critical picture of the lack of opportunities for disabled people in the arts and pressed for improvements at a national level. The London Disability Arts Forum, established in 1986, promotes a separate disability culture and is run by and for disabled people.

Although participation in arts activities can have therapeutic benefits and build self-confidence, all the above stress the value of art for enjoyment, personal fulfilment, self expression and communication. Furthermore, experience shows that art by disabled people can enhance values in society and offer an original contribution to the arts world. It is also generally accepted that full integration can only occur, if independence and freedom of choice are guaranteed.

In recognition of this, the Arts Council of Great Britain has created a post of Arts and Disability Officer, published a Code of Good Practice and produced a resource pack of information and advice. The Council also runs an Arts and Disability Monitoring Committee whose task is to enforce the implementation of the Code by those organisations receiving financial support. Several regional and local disability organisations now employ Arts Officers and RNIB became the first national disability organisation to do so. Creating new, accessible arts venues for visually handicapped people is a task which involves co-operation with national, regional and local arts organisations, local social services, departments and institutes of adult education, museums, galleries and organisations of/for disabled people.

As a general rule, there are no arts activities unavailable to visually handicapped people and basic options, such as integrated or exclusive activities, should always be carefully considered. New projects, courses and workshops should be based on the needs and wishes of the visually handicapped people involved and also call on artistic expertise. Many people are apprehensive about arts activities and/or may not know what they want to experience. "Arts taster days" can help visually handicapped people to find an activity for long-term involvement and enjoyment.

1. Accessing information on the arts

Information on arts activities with, by and for visually handicapped people has previously been difficult to obtain and has therefore been the main drawback to the development of art opportunities which have previously been inaccessible. This situation, however, is continually improving. The main sources of information are:

RNIB Leisure Officer (Arts), Leisure Service, RNIB.

(See Appendix 1 (a).)

The service collates and circulates information on arts activities to both consumers and providers. The Leisure Officer (Arts) liaises with arts organisations and organisations of/for disabled people and co-organises joint projects such as seminars, exhibitions and workshops. The Leisure Officer (Arts) also acts as a contact point between individuals and organisations wishing to initiate or join new projects. Some funds are available for supporting such new developments. (For information and advice on music, see item 11.)

William Kirby, Consultant in Art and Design for the Blind and Partially Sighted.

The consultancy offers guidelines on the provision of visual arts with, by and for people with a visual impairment. Advice is given on accessibility to galleries, museums and arts venues. Emphasis is on publicity and information (on tape, in braille and large print) and the use of touch and low vision, enhanced by lighting and good labelling. For further information, contact William Kirby. (See Appendix 2(b).)

"New Beacon"- published by RNIB

This magazine is published monthly and features a section entitled "Art to share" which includes one leading article on arts and cultural events involving visually handicapped people. Particular emphases in these articles has been on exhibitions/workshops; residual vision; painting by visually handicapped people; the performing arts and, at the close of the decade of disabled people, 1990, on an assessment of that period. The "Art to share" pages also contain an "arts calendar" with information on forthcoming events. The magazine is available in print, braille or on tape. For details contact RNIB Customer Services Department. (See Appendix l(a).)

"British Journal of Visual Impairment"

c/o South Regional Association for the Blind (SRAB)

Published three times annually and occasionally featuring reports on new developments on the arts and visually impaired people. Back copies of these articles, and other items covering arts subjects, are also available.

This magazine is also available in print, braille or on tape. (For further information, contact the Editorial Office at SRAB. (See Appendix 2(b).)

RNIB Reference Library

The Library holds over 4,400 books on all aspects of visual handicap. Extensive selective bibliographies are available on arts appreciation; creative expression; drama; handicrafts and "Dance with the Blind Child". For further information, contact the Reference Library. (See Appendix l(a).)

2. Art to share

"Art to share" is the title adopted by a number of groups of blind, partially sighted and sighted people throughout the country. They organise a wide variety of arts events; for example, drama and modelling workshops; touch and sound music experience; visits to exhibitions. "Art to share" promotes the mutual enjoyment of the arts by visually handicapped and sighted people and the formation of such groups is being encouraged as part of a national movement to create and extend partnership in the arts. For further information, contact RNIB’s Leisure Officer (Arts). (See Appendix l(a).)

3. Arts and crafts

An increasing number of local authority social services and societies/associations for the blind have established classes in crafts, handicrafts and art. See also: painting (Item 12) and sculpture (Item 14). A wide variety of craft activities can be enjoyed, including pottery, clay modelling, rug-making, leather-work, weaving and collage. Visually handicapped people wishing to follow an arts, crafts or handicraft course are advised to approach their local adult education department, social services or society/association for the blind. Anyone wishing to set up new courses may express a need for more information on arts and crafts and is advised to contact activity-based organisations. There is a continual need to make information available on possible techniques and materials and to improve the exchange of ideas. Following an initial seminar on arts and crafts for blind people, RNIB is now publishing a bi-annual newsletter for the exchange of information between visually handicapped people, their tutors and local societies.

4. Audio description in the theatre

The concept of audio description originated in the USA, where many theatres now offer audio description. The Theatre Royal, Windsor initiated the first regular service in the UK, followed by the Duke of York’s Theatre in London.

Audio description is a live commentary relayed by short wave radio to earphones worn by visually handicapped members of the audience. The sighted describer, who will have seen the production several times previously and is situated in a sound- proof box high at the front or side of the stage. The commentary describes scenery, costumes, facial expressions and silent action. Programme notes describing the stage and main characters are given before the start of each production.

The RNIB Audio Description Advisory Group, which promotes the development of audio description in the UK, has published "An Introduction to Audio Description in the Theatre" (available from RNIB (Leisure Service)).

5. Creative writing

Several magazines/publications such as "Disability Arts in London", "Phoenix" and "Spectrum" invite contributions from disabled people. Further information from the editors of these magazines and for details, contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

6. Dance

Dance improves body awareness and mobility and can also be a fulfilling and enjoyable experience. Dance and movement classes have been offered to newly blind people by at least one local authority social services whilst some clients of RNIB’s Employment Rehabilitation Centre at Torquay have participated in short term "contact improvisation" classes, a form of contemporary dance, at Dartington College of Arts, Totnes.

A number of local authority social services and voluntary societies/associations for the blind offer classes in ballroom dancing for visually handicapped people and there have been several award winning visually handicapped people in ballroom dancing competitions.

New avenues for development are continually being explored. These include:

The integrated and well-established Amici Dance Theatre Company, London offers long term movement classes in which the choreography often evolves from improvisation leading to highly successful performances.

A dance project run by the Education Department of the Royal Opera House, London includes weekly creative dance classes for adult beginners and occasional offers of free or reduced price tickets.

A project in Liverpool co-ordinated by Arts Integration Merseyside, in which classical Indian dance has been taught by a method based largely on verbal communication rather than body contact.

For further details about any of these projects, contact RNIB’s Leisure Officer (Arts).

A selective bibliography "Dance with the blind child" is available from

RNIB’s.Reference Library.

7. Drama/acting

Drama spans a range of activities from improvisation through mime to play-acting/theatre. There are several organisations, who have shown a particular interest in the promotion of drama activities for visually handicapped people.

The National Association of Drama with the Visually Handicapped (NADVH) was established with the aim of forging links between existing drama groups and workshops and assisting in the formation of new groups. The association circulates a regular newsletter to its members; organises an annual summer school and runs regular regionally-based workshops throughout the UK. For further information, contact NADVH. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Venturers Drama Group, based in London, is an integrated group of visually handicapped, other disabled and fully sighted actors. The group performs an average of two plays per year and runs a monthly (except August) workshop led by professional tutors. Members of the group receive and contribute to a monthly taped newsletter/magazine. For further details, contact the Chairman. (See Appendix 2(b).)

An information leaflet called "Drama with visually handicapped people" is available from RNIB (Leisure Service).

8. Career opportunities

Music has long offered visually handicapped people career opportunities and a small but increasing number have found employment in other areas, too - for example; actors, art and design consultant, craft tutor, drama development worker and theatre management trainee.

9. Living Paintings Trust

The aim of this group of visually handicapped and sighted art lovers is to bring paintings to life for visually handicapped people. It produces information packs consisting of explanatory tape commentaries, relief representations and colour reproductions of 10 paintings in each of a number of well known galleries. These packs can be enjoyed by both visually handicapped and sighted people together. Among the paintings chosen for the first pack were the "Wilton Diptych", Constable’s "The Haywain" and le Lorrain’s "The Enchanted Castle". For further.details, contact the Chairman. (See Appendix 2(b).)

10. Museums and Art Galleries

Visits to museums and art galleries are becoming increasingly popular. (See also Cathedrals through touch and hearing, City tours and Historic houses in Part 2, section (C), 1.6.)

Touch

It has been established by the Museum’s Association, and RNIB that one in four museums in the UK have at some time held special "hands-on" sessions for visually handicapped people and, altogether, more than 100,000 people (sighted and blind) have enjoyed special "touch" exhibitions. Visually handicapped visitors and their friends should contact the museum or historic house concerned, before visiting it, to request a "hands on" session or guided tactile tour. Groups of visually handicapped people could request a series of visits to explore the collections of a museum. This has been done successfully at the Gunnersbury Park Museum and the Whitechapel Art Gallery, both in London.

For further information, RNIB Leisure Service has published a "Directory of Museums with facilities for visually handicapped people", a bibliography "Touch in Museums and Galleries", and a seminar report "Talking Touch". The adult education department of Leicester University has published an illustrated booklet "Art and Touch Education for Visually Handicapped People". (See Appendix 3(a) - bibliography.)

Residual vision

Not all visually handicapped people need/wish to touch exhibits and to a large majority, residual vision is essential to their experience of a museum. Groups organising visits are advised to discuss this with the museum. New contemporary art galleries are, on the whole, well lit and have highly visible exhibits such as paintings with bold, bright colours, strong outlines and colour contrasts. There are still, however, some older museums which do not have such good facilities.

11. Music

RNIB produces braille music and new music publications are announced monthly, as appropriate, in the "New Beacon" and in "Braille monthly announcements". New publications also appear in the "Braille Music Magazine" which includes articles from print periodicals, contributions from blind musicians and important professional information relating to special requirements of blind teachers in respect of music examinations. One of the most valued services is the transcription service to meet the individual requirements of print to braille transcriptions for both professional and amateur blind musicians. There is a braille music catalogue, which contains approx 4,000 titles, which can be loaned through the National Library for the Blind, (see also Other Leisure

Pursuits, section 2.5 Literature) or purchased from the Customer Services Department, RNIB (see Appendix l(a)).

RNIB’s music adviser has responsibility for the organisation of courses "to inform and stimulate blind musicians of all categories and those fostering their interests". The adviser also consults with examining bodies with respect to blind musicians’ special requirements and organises regular concerts at which visually

handicapped artists perform. Also, free tickets are available from RNIB for most concerts at the Royal Albert Hall although the tickets are limited in number and usually distributed on a "first come, first served" basis. The "Braille Music Magazine" is edited from the adviser’s office and print copies are also distributed to interested people. For information concerning any of the above services, contact RNIB’s Music Adviser. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Disabled Living Foundation (DLF) has a Music Advisory Service, which provides advice on all aspects of music for disabled people, regardless of age or disability. A resource paper entitled "Information on Music for People with Partial Sight" (periodically updated), is available from the music advisory service for a small charge and contains information on music stands/rests, lighting, large print music, enlarging one’s own music, and local provision. Contact the DLF Music Adviser for further details. (See Appendix 2(b).)

12. Painting

At least one national exhibition of work by visually handicapped painters and one national painting competition for visually handicapped children, both successful, have shown that painting is not the preserve of sighted people.

Information about appropriate techniques and media is scarce. These will, however, depend largely on the personal inclination and eye condition of the would-be painter. At least two successful totally blind artists have shown that they prefer to use painting rather than sculpture as a means of artistic expression.

Further details available from RNIB (Leisure Service).

Conquest (The Society for Art for Physically Handicapped People), exists to provide teaching facilities, information on techniques and audio-visual material for sale or hire. The Society also organises public and private exhibitions for disabled people, including visually handicapped artists. Conquest’s magazine "Spectrum" is published three times annually. For further information contact Conquest. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Society for Disabled Artists (SODA), which is based in the London Borough of Hillingdon, also aims to develop participation by disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped, in art/painting. Contact SODA for further details. (See Appendix 2(b).)

13. Photography

Photography is enjoyed by a number of visually handicapped people and periodic exhibitions of work by disabled, including visually handicapped photographers are held. Photography can be developed into an artistic skill and it can help train residual vision.

The Disabled Photographers’ Society (DPS) (formerly Photography for the Disabled) supplies equipment to all disabled people; organises an annual exhibition of work and bestows awards of distinction, associateship and fellowship. The Society publishes a quarterly newsletter. For further information, contact DPS. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Arts Council, in collaboration with SHAPE London, have appointed a research worker to investigate photography practice by and with disabled people. For further details, contact the Photography Officer, Arts Council. (See Appendix l(a).)

14. Sculpture

Leicester University (Adult Education Department) has been active in promoting and developing sculpture for visually handicapped people and, in conjunction with the Royal Leicestershire Society for the Blind, runs a sculpture workshop for visually handicapped people. Two "Touch and See" exhibitions of work produced by the students have been held - one (at the Leicester Museum and Art Gallery) displaying their work alongside pieces by Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein.

The university’s adult education department has established a Centre for Disability and the Arts, which is based on its established Touch and See programme of courses and exhibitions. The centre is continuing to exploit the potential of touch as a medium of exploration in the arts, and, it is intended, will expand to offer opportunities for visually handicapped people to participate in, or simply to learn about, a wide variety of the arts. To do this, the building of new workshops, a gallery space and a resource library is planned. For further details, contact RNIB’s Leisure Officer (Arts).

Weekly sculpture workshops are held at the Hulton Sculpture Studio for the Visually Handicapped, which is situated at the offices of the Royal Society of British Sculptors, London. For further details contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

2. Other creative activities

1. Gardening

Gardening is a very popular activity for visually handicapped people in the UK and the following people and organisations have been very active in its development.

Horticultural Therapy (HT) promotes various horticultural activities for disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped. The organisation runs an information service, organises courses and seminars for disabled gardeners and generally seeks to assist in the development of new ideas and practices. For further information, contact Horticultural Therapy. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Advisory Committee for Blind Gardeners (ACBG) which is supported and administered by Horticultural Therapy (formerly by the South Regional Association for the Blind (SRAB)), exists to provide advice and information on all aspects of gardening and has produced various papers on the subject. The committee organises one-day seminars designed to teach/advise sighted helpers on the techniques and use of special devices. The committee also organises annual weekend courses for visually handicapped people and gives personal tuition in the use of devices and techniques. Enquiries to HT’s Horticulture Officer/ACBG Secretary. (See Appendix 2(b).)

RNIB works in close liaison with Horticultural Therapy sharing all information on gardening matters; it also runs a scheme to provide financial assistance to group gardening projects. Grant aid is usually only considered on a one-off basis and for a specially defined project; for example, purchase of equipment, hire of plots, provision of a national or regional service etc. For further details, contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

Other services available to individual visually handicapped gardeners include:

• "Come Gardening" magazine, edited by Kathleen Fleet and published quarterly in braille, on tape and in Moon, consists of short articles about all aspects of gardening including news of recent products and ideas for helping visually handicapped gardeners.
• "Cassette Library for Blind Gardeners" administered by Kathleen Fleet, contains a variety of gardening handbooks including some published by the Royal Horticultural Society.
• One annual subscription covers both the above services. For further details, contact RNIB (Leisure Service).
• "Gardening without sight" by Kathleen Fleet (published by RNIB) (3rd edition 1989). An illustrated publication, which is available in large print, braille, Moon and on tape. Can be purchased from RNIB’s Customer Services Dept. (See Appendix l(a).)

2. Woodwork

A series of articles by Peter Jones, first published in "New Beacon" in 1974-75, have been collated into an RNIB Leisure Service booklet "Woodwork for Visually Handicapped People". This describes the various methods and equipment, which will enable a visually handicapped person to pursue woodwork as a hobby.

(C) Other leisure pursuits

1. Holidays

1. General

2. Activity holidays

3. Study holidays/summer schools

4. Camping/caravanning

5. Canal cruising

6. Day visits/travel

1. Other activities

1. Amateur radio

2. Chess

3. Other board games

4. Countryside recreation

5. Literature

6. Spectator sports

1. Holidays General

Whether accompanied by sighted people or not, visually-handicapped people should be able to enjoy most types of holidays without special provision. However, for those visually handicapped people who wish to take a holiday on their own or with other similarly handicapped people, there are several specialist organisations, which provide information and advice or special accommodation/facilities. The Holiday Care Service produces a free information leaflet for visually handicapped people as well as one listing companies and organisations involved in holiday provision, for example, "Holidays for the Disabled" (Young Disabled on Holiday) which organises integrated holidays both at home and abroad. The Holiday Care Service also runs a scheme called Holiday Helpers, which aims to provide volunteer companion/guides willing to accompany individuals who need help on independent holidays. For contact details, see Appendix 2(b).

There are a considerable number of holiday hotels in the UK, which are run by RNIB and other voluntary organisations, and all cater for the special needs of visually handicapped people. Most of these hotels will accept guide dogs and some have arrangements with local volunteers to act as escorts, when required. RNIB also provides facilities for self-catering holidays in the’ UK. For general information, contact RNIB, (Residential Services, Vocational and Social Services Division). (See Appendix I(a).)

2. Activity holidays

There are an increasing number of activity holiday centres catering for mixed groups of able bodied and disabled people including those who are visually handicapped. The following are centres catering specifically for people with disabilities (for further details of all these centres contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

The Calvert Trust Adventure Centre is situated near Keswick, Cumbria and was opened in 1978. Activities include sailing, canoeing, angling, pony riding, rock climbing and orienteering. Indoor activities include table tennis and snooker and there is an indoor swimming pool. The centre organises week-long holidays mainly for established groups of disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped.

The Kielder Adventure Centre was developed by the Calvert Trust and opened in 1982/83 at Kielder Water in Northumbria. It is purpose-built for people with all types of disability and offers holidays of varying lengths for families and groups. A similar range of outdoor pursuits as at the Trust’s Keswick centre

(above) is offered and other facilities include a shop, library and adventure playground. This centre is open from mid-January to late-November and is also available for conferences, seminar workshops and tailor-made courses.

The Stackpole Trust offers holiday accommodation in a group of converted farm buildings, on National Trust land, in Pembrokeshire - one of the most beautiful parts of the West Wales coastline. The accommodation consists of seven self-catering cottages, each sleeping six - eight people, and a group house for larger parties of up to 18 people. The accommodation is of a very high standard and is extensively equipped for day-to-day living. Charges are non profit-making, in line with the Trust’s objectives.

Also at Stackpole, the National Trust’s warden has adapted a previously disused quarry for use as an adventure area where groups of people of all ages, with or without disabilities may bring expert tutors to learn outdoor skills such as rockclimbing, archery and abseiling. Overnight accommodation is not available but the Quarry is, of course, particularly convenient if you are staying at the Stackpole Centre.

RNIB Group Activity Holiday Scheme is a method of subsidising group activity holidays at any one of 17 activity centres throughout the UK, including the three detailed above. All these centres offer a wide range of outdoor pursuits including water sports. For further details contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

There are various specialist activity holidays, which cater for a particular sport or outdoor activity, for example, water ski-ing, sailing and riding. For further information, see under the activity concerned or representative organisations.

(See Appendix 2.)

3. Study holidays/summer schools

There are an increasing number of annual study holidays or "summer schools" for visually handicapped people 1in subjects such as drama, poetry, music, literature, natural history, archaeology and sculpture. Such courses are held in various parts of the UK and are mostly organised, by universities, colleges of education and other educational bodies. For further information contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

4. Camping/caravanning

Camping poses no special problems for visually handicapped people and membership is welcomed by the Camping and Caravanning, Club which has facilities for disabled people at some of its sites, but actively welcomes all handicapped people at all of them. For further details contact the Camping and Caravanning Club. (See Appendix 2(b).)

5. Canal cruising

Visually handicapped people have cruised inland waterways in narrowboats and other crafts and there has been some development on the use of tactile maps and other aids. For further details, contact RNIB (Leisure Service).

Canal trips usually take a crew of sighted and visually handicapped people and the responsibilities of running the craft are shared. Special holidays and trips are organised by various organisations and groups with co-operation from the British Waterways Board; for example, the London Narrowboat Project (for young people). For further information contact RNIB

(Leisure Service).

6. Day visits and travel

Cathedrals through touch and hearing

This project was initiated by the School of Education, University of Birmingham, in 1987. It aims to enable visually impaired visitors to appreciate the beauties of architecture and to participate in cathedrals as symbols of spirituality. Cathedrals are provided with a "Touch and Hearing Centre" which comprises a wooden model and a ground-plan, housed in a wooden cabinet. Accompanying them is a cassette commentary, a braille guide-book, tactile illustrations and an acoustic guide cassette. Lichfield and Coventry Cathedrals were the first to have these facilities, to be followed by Gloucester, Worcester, Hereford and Birmingham Cathedrals. For further information contact RNIB’s Leisure Officer (Arts). (See Appendix l(a).)

City tours

Two organisations have introduced weekend tours for visually handicapped people and their friends:

British Heritage Tours is the first travel company to organise such weekend visits. The first series of tours took place in the historic town of Chester where the company is based. The company is aiming to expand its services to create a series of original and individualised tours at five or six new locations. (See Appendix 2(b).)

The Royal Pavilion, Art Gallery and Museums of Brighton have organised a successful cultural weekend with a mix of visits to major heritage sites; handling sessions and leisure. The "Brighton Cultural Weekends" are intended to become an annual event.

When organised and co-ordinated locally, guided visits to museums, churches, gardens, historic houses etc can be successfully combined into a rewarding one- or two-day programme. In a city such as Oxford, for example, most museums, the cathedral and the Guild of City Guides have all had experience of organising guided visits for visually handicapped people and their friends.

Historic houses

Historic houses are often set in parkland or natural surroundings, which can be enjoyed not only by sight and touch, but also through the senses of smell and hearing. The National Trust actively promotes access for disabled people to its properties and publishes a free annual booklet "Facilities for Disabled and Visually Handicapped Visitors". It contains over 60 entries with details of facilities for visually handicapped people, mostly about the availability of flower and herb gardens, water features and, occasionally, cassette guides. Interested parties should enquire about the availability of guided tactile tours or permission to touch in advance of their visit. For further details contact the Advisor, Facilities for Disabled Visitors, National Trust. (See Appendix 1 (a).)

2. Other activities

1. Amateur radio

Many visually handicapped people get a great deal of enjoyment out of operating short-wave radio sets. Nearly half the members of the Radio Amateur Invalid and Blind Club are visually handicapped. The club will put visually handicapped amateur radio enthusiasts in touch with local representatives and radio clubs who can help them with the initial installation of equipment as well as with any necessary repairs and maintenance. Visually handicapped people wishing to obtain a transmitting licence can get their study material transcribed into braille or onto tape and the Home Office is prepared to allow visually handicapped candidates unable to write or type to take their examination orally. Further details are available from the club’s Hon. Treasurer. (See Appendix 2(b).) (Acknowledgement BBC "In Touch".)

2. Chess

One of .the main attractions of chess is that it can be played on equal terms with sighted players. Throughout the game each move is announced so that the visually handicapped players can keep a record in braille or on tape.

Due to its popularity, RNIB presently sells twotypes of adapted chess sets. Both types have conventional pieces, which slot into the board (as for ordinary travel sets) but the white chessmen have pointed heads and the black squares are raised to help in their identification. For further details see RNIB’s Equipment and Games catalogue (available from Customer Services, (see Appendix 1 (a)) in large print, braille and on tape).

The Braille Chess Association (BCA) encourages visually handicapped people to play chess and welcomes all in membership, whether beginners or experts. The Association has a stock of books in braille and on tape about the game and these can be circulated to members. It also organises weekend tournaments and postal chess competitions. In conjunction with the British Chess Federation (see Appendix 2(b)), the BCA organises an annual national chess tournament and sends teams to international tournaments abroad. BCA is the British representative body in the International Braille Chess Association (IBCA). For further information contact the BCA Hon Secretary. (See Appendix 2(a).)

3. Other board games

Many visually handicapped people enjoy most board games and RNIB sells adapted versions of these. Details can also be found in RNIB’s Equipment and Games catalogue. Some of the most popular games available include:

Playing cards/games: There are various types of adapted playing cards, having both braille and Moon-embossed markings. "Easy to see" cards use large printed symbols and are slightly wider than the standard pack.

Dominoes: This adapted set is made of plastic with raised black dots on a white background and with a black inset piece on the reverse. Also supplied is a domino holder; this is a wooden-frame to hold the hand of dominoes, which are kept in position on the frame by an elastic cord.

Draughts: The adapted version has a board with alternate sunken playing squares. The pieces are distinguished by size and colour and the set includes additional piece of double thickness for use as kings.

Scrabble: This is a tactile version of the popular word-building game for up to four players. The letter and score values appear on tiles in both print and raised form to enable visually handicapped people to play either between themselves or with sighted opponents.

These and many other adapted games are on display at RNIB’s Resource Centre in London and other resource centres throughout the country.

4. Countryside recreation

An increasing number of informal countryside recreation sites provide braille/tape guides and other access facilities for visually handicapped people. RNIB’s "Directory of Nature Trails for Visually Handicapped People" (revised edition) which provides details of a number of such trails throughout the UK, is available from the Leisure Service of RNIB.

The Countryside Commission has published a very useful guide for site owners and managers on the provision of access facilities for disabled people, which includes tape and braille information. This publication (CC Advisory Series No 15) is available free of charge from the Publications Despatch Dept, Countryside Commission. (See Appendix l(a).)

At least one national park and several country parks have produced special guidebooks for disabled people, including those who are visually handicapped.

5. Literature

National Library for the Blind contains more than 300,000 volumes in braille (including music), Moon and large print. The library provides a wide range of authors and subjects with approximately 40,000 titles in stock. (Included in this stock are many publications on leisure activities and a number of these are aimed at those with a practical interest.) Books are lent free and returned post free to/from visually handicapped readers in the UK and overseas. For further details contact the National Library. (See Appendix 2(b).)

RNIB braille, tape and Moon services: RNIB’s Bibliographical Unit acts as a central information resource on national and international availability of material in braille, on tape or in Moon. RNIB publishes many weekly, monthly and quarterly magazines in braille and Moon and a complete catalogue of these is available. Proposed new titles are announced in the "Bookcase" insert to the RNIB’s monthly magazine, "New Beacon". For further details contact RNIB Customer Services department. (See Appendix l(a).)

RNIB Talking Book Service: The Service records, unabridged, a range of books of general interest, fiction and non-fiction, including children’s books. Recordings are made to high professional standards. The large-size cassettes can be used only in a special playback machine provided to members on free permanent loan. There is an annual subscription towards the cost of the Library service, which is available to registered blind and other eligible visually handicapped people. Applications for membership should be submitted through the local authority or direct to RNIB Talking Book Service. (See Appendix 1 (a).)

Scottish Braille Press publishes a number of Weekly and monthly braille magazines including the weekly "Braille Sporting Record" and various others are printed for other organisations of/for visually handicapped people. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Talking Newspaper Association of UK (TNAUK) aims to co-ordinate the activities of over 400 local voluntary groups providing talking newspapers or magazines to visually handicapped people. TNAUK also provides C90 cassettes of nearly 100 national newspapers and magazines for an annual subscription of £7 per publication (with the exception of "Readers Digest", annual subscription £5) (1989 prices). To stimulate further development, TNAUK offers an advisory and consultative service to national and local authorities as well as to local groups and individuals. (See Appendix 2(b).)

Most local libraries and bookshops stock a wide range of titles in large print and an increasing number of reference libraries possess closed circuit television facilities. A few of these have also installed the Kursweil Reading Machine for translating print material into speech.

6. Spectator sports

Special provision for visually handicapped spectators has been made at a number of first class football and cricket grounds. Clubs with facilities for relaying match commentaries to patients in local hospitals often allow visually handicapped people to sit in the commentary box or adjoining stands where they can hear a commentary on headphones. Some clubs issue free passes to local visually handicapped people. For details about individual club arrangements contact the club secretary concerned.

Details of football results, league tables and fixtures are available weekly throughout the season from the Scottish Braille Press (see Appendix 2(b)) or from RNIB Customer Services Department. (See Appendix I(a).) (Acknowledgement, BBC "In Touch".)

Section 3 Appendices

Appendix 1 - Addresses (all sports and arts activities)

a) National

Sports Council, 16 Upper Woburn Place, London, WC1H OQP, Tel (01) 388 1277

Arts Council of Gt Britain, 105 Piccadilly, London, W1V OAU Tel (01) 629 9495

Northern Ireland

Sports Council for N Ireland

House of Sport,

Upper Malone Road,

Belfast

BT9 5LA

Tel (0232) 661222

Arts Council of N Ireland

181a Stranmillis Road,

Belfast,

BT9 5DU

Tel (0232) 663591

Scotland

Scottish Sports Council,

1 St Colme Street, Edinburgh, EH3 6AA

Tel (031) 225 8411

Scottish Arts Council

12 Manor Place Edinburgh EH2 4DF, Tel (031) 226 6051

Wales

Sports Council for Wales

National Sports Centre for Wales Sophia Gardens

Cardiff CF1 9SW

Tel (0222) 397571

Welsh Arts Council

Hoist House

9 Museum Place

Cardiff

CF1 3NX

Tel (0222) 394711

National Sports Associations for the Disabled

British Sports Association for the Disabled (BSAD)

34, Osnaburgh Street

London

NW1 3ND

Tel (01) 383 7277

Northern Ireland Committee on Sport for the Disabled (NICSD) House of Sport

Upper Malone Road

Belfast

BT9 5LA

Tel (0232) 61222

Scottish Sports Association for the Disabled (SSAD)

Fife Institute of Physical and Recreational Education

Viewfield Road

Glenrothes

Fife KY6 2RA

Tel (0592) 771700

Welsh Sports Association for the Disabled (WSAD)

Brynn Erdigg

Erdigg Road

Wrexham

Clwyd

Tel (0978) 364576

Other national bodies

Scottish Committee for Arts and Disability Princes House

5 Shandwick Place

Edinburgh EH1 3LH

Tel (031) 229 8632

British Blind Sport (BBS - formerly BASRAB)

Administrative and Development Officer,

Heygates Lodge,

Elkington,

Northants

NN6 7NH

Tel (0855) 75584

British Paralympic Association

Director,

24 West Morelands Place,

Masons Hill,

Bromley,

Kent

BR1 1BA

Tel (01) 666 3994

Carnegie (United Kingdom) Trust

Secretary and Treasurer,

Comely Park House,

Dunfermline,

Fife

KY12 7EJ

Tel (0383) 721445

Central Council of Physical Recreation (CCPR)

General Secretary,

Francis House,

Francis Street,

London

SW1P 1DE

Tel (01) 828 3163/4

Guide Dogs for the Blind Association (GDBA)

Guide Dog Adventure Group,

GDBA,

Alexandra House,

9-11 Park Street,

Windsor,

Berks

SL4 1JR

Tel (0753) 855711

National Coaching Foundation (NCF)

Director,

4 College Close,

Beckett Park,

Leeds

LS6 3QH

Tel (0532) 744802

Royal National Institute for the Blind Leisure Service

Education & Leisure Division Editorial Office (New Beacon)

Reference Library; Music Adviser (Technical & Consumer Services Division)

Residential Services; Voluntary Agencies Link Unit (Vocational and Social Services Division)

at 224 Great Portland Street,

London

W1N 6AA

Tel (01) 388 1266 (from 6.May 1990, (071) 388 1266)

RNIB Talking Book Service

at Mount Pleasant, Alperton,

Wembley,

Middlesex

HAO IRR

Tel (01) 903 6666

(from 6 May 1990, (081) 903 6666)

Braille, Moon and Tape Services,

Customer Services Dept,

Music Production Dept,

Sales Dept

at RNIB, PO Box t73

Peterborough PE20WS

Tel (0733) 370777

St. Dunstan’s Organisation for War Blinded

(HQ) PO BOx 4XB, 12-14 Harcourt Street, London WIA 4XB Tel (01) 723 5021

Mobility & Sports Officer, lan Fraser House, Ovingdean, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 7BS Tel (0273) 37811

Youth Organisations

Scout Association

Gilwell Park,

Chingford,

London,

E4 7QW Tel (01) 524 5246

Youth Hostels Association (England and Wales)

Trevelyan House

8 St Stephen’s Hill

St Albans

Herts ALl 2DY

Tel (0727) 55215

Outward Bound Trust (HQ Office)

Chestnut Field

Regent Place

Rugby

CV21 2PJ

Tel (0788) 60423

Girl Guides Association

17-19 Buckingham Palace Road

London

SWlW OPT

Tel (01) 834 6242

Scottish Youth Hostels Association

7 Glebe Crescent

Stirling

Fife FK8 2JA

Tel (0786) 72821

Duke of Edinburgh’s Award Scheme

(Head Office)

5 Prince of Wales Terrace

London W8 5PG

Tel (01) 937 5205

Countryside recreation

Countryside Commission

John Dower House

Crescent Place

Cheltenham

Gloucestershire

GL50 3RA

Tel (0242)521381

Countryside Commission for Scotland

Redgorton

Battleby

Perth PH1 3EW

Tel (0738) 27921

The National Trust

(Adviser, Facilities for Disabled People)

36 Queen Anne’s Gate London

SWlH 9AS Tel (01) 222 9251

National Trust for Scotland

5 Charlotte Square

Edinburgh EH2 5DU

Tel (031) 226 5922

b) Regional (Sports Council, BSADI Arts Associations, Disabled Arts Offices)

Eastern (Norfolk, Cambs, Suffolk, Beds, Herts, Essex)

Sports Council

26 Bromham Road

Bedford MK40 2QP

Tel (0234) 45222

Arts Association

Cherry Hinton Hall Cherry Hinton Road Cambridge CB1 4DW Tel (0223) 21 5355

BSAD

BSAD Eastern Region

3 Highlands

Thetford

Norfolk

IP24 1JF

Tel (0842) 65261

Shape East

c/o Eastern Arts

Cherry Hinton Hall

Cherry Hinton Road

Cambridge CB1 4DW

Tel (0223) 215355

East Midlands (Derbys, Notts, Lincs, Leics, Northants)

Sports Council

Grove House

Bridgford Road

West Bridgford

Nottingham NG2 6AP

Tel (0602) 821887/822586

Arts Associations (East Midlands)

Mountfields House

Forest Road,

Loughborough

Leics LEII 3HU

Tel (0509) 218292

BSAD East Midlands YMCA

4 Shakespeare Street

Nottingham NG1 4FG

Tel (0602) 472216

(Lincs and Humberside)

St Hugh’s

Newport

Lincoln LN1 3DN

Tel (0522) 533555

East Midlands Shape

New Farm, Walton by Kimcote Nr. Lutterworth

Leics LE17 5RL

Tel (04555) 3882

Art link, Lincs/Humberside

c/o Humberside Leisure Services

Central Library

Albion Street

Hull HUI 3TF

Tel (0482) 224040

Greater London (32 boroughs)

Sports Council

(Also SE Region)

PO Box 480

Crystal Palace National Sports Centre

Ledrington Rd

London SE19 2BQ

Tel (01) 778 8600

BSAD

BSAD Greater London Region

34 Osnaburgh Street

London NW1 3ND

Tel (01) 383 7229/0

Arts Association

9 White Lion Street London N1 9PD

Tel (01) 837 8808

SHAPE London

1 Thorpe Close

London

Wl0 5XL

Tel (01) 960 9245

Northern (Northumberland, Cumbria, Durham, Cleveland, Tyne & Wear)

Sports Council

Aykley Heads

Durham DH1 5UU

Tel (091) 384 9595

Arts Association

10 Osbourne Terrace

Newcastle-upon-Tyne

NE2 1NZ

Tel (091) 281 6334

BSAD Northern Region

Elmfield Community Centre

Rowan Place

Newton Aycliffe

Co Durham DL5 7BB

Tel (0325) 319071

Northern SHAPE

Whinney House Durham Road

Low Fell Gateshead Tyne & Wear NE9 5AR

(091) 487 8892

North-West (Lancs, Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Merseyside)

Sports Council

Astley House

Quay Street

Manchester M3 4AE

Tel (061) 834 0338

Arts Associations

(Mid-Pennine)

2-Hammerton Street

Burnley

Lancs BB11 1NA

Tel (0282) 21986

(North-West)

12 Harter Street

Manchester M1 6HY

Tel (061) 228 3062

(Merseyside)

Graphic House

Duke Street

Liverpool L1 4JR

Tel (051) 709 0671

BSAD

BSAD West Midlands Region

Disabled Living Services

Redbank House

4 St Chad’s Street

Cheetham

Manchester M8 8QA

Tel (061) 832 3678

North-West SHAPE

The Green Prefab

Back of Shawgrove School

Cavendish

West Didsbury

Manchester M20 8JR

Tel (061)434 8666

Arts Integration Merseyside

c/o DRU Mount Verson Green

Hall Lane

Liverpool L7 8TF

(051) 709 0990

South-East (Kent, Surrey, E- W Sussex)

Sports Council

PC Box 480

Crystal Palace National Sports Centre

Ledrington Road

London SE19 2BQ

Tel (01) 778 8600

Arts Association

10 Mount Ephraim

Tunbridge Wells

Kent TN4 8AS

Tel (0892) 51 521 0

BSAD

BSAD South-East Region MCSC

Marsham Street Maidstone

Kent ME14 1HH

Tel (0622) 690637

Artability (South-East) c/o SE Arts

10 Mount Ephraim Tunbridge Wells

Kent TN4 8AS

Tel (0892) 515210

Southern (Hants, Isle of Wight, Berks, Bucks, Oxon)

Sports Council

51A Church Street

Caversham

Reading Berks

Tel (0734) 483311

Arts Association

19 Southgate Street

Winchester

Hants S023 9DQ

Tel (0962) 55099

BSAD

BSAD Southern Region

2 Kent Street

Portsea

Portsmouth PC1 3BS

Tel (0705) 862943

Southern Artlink

The Studio

81 Langley Close Headington

Oxford

Tel (0865) 750163/750025

Solent Artlink

Hornpipe Community Arts Centre

143 Kingston Road

Portsmouth

Hants

Tel (0705) 9263

South-West (Avon, Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Somerset, Wilts, Gloucs)

Sports Council

Ashlands House

Ashlands

Crewkerne

Somerset TA18 7LQ

Tel (0460) 73491

Arts Association

Bradninch Place

Gandy Street

Exeter EX4 3LS

Tel (0392) 21 8923

BSAD

BSAD South-West Region

Disability Advice Centre

38 Victoria Street

Bristol BS1 6BY

Tel (0272) 298270

Artshare South-West

c/o South West-Arts

Bradninch Place

Gandy Street

Exeter EX4 3LS

Tel (0392) 218923

West Midlands (Hereford & Worcester, Shropshire, Staffs, Warwicks, W Midlands, Metro County)

Sports Council

Metropolitan House

1 Hagley Road

Five Ways

Edgbaston

Birmingham B16 8TT

Tel (021) 454 3808

Arts Association

82 Granville Street

Birmingham B1 2LH

Tel (021) 631 3121

BSAD

BSAD West Midlands Region

Wyndley Leisure Centre

Sutton Coldfield

West Midlands B73 6EL

Tel (021) 354 5369

Artlink

17a Hanover Street

Newcastle-under-Lyme

Staffs ST5 1 HD

Tel (0782) 6141 70

Yorkshire and Humberside (N. Yorks, S. Yorks, W. Yorks, Humberside)

Sports Council

Coronet House

Queen Street

Leeds LS1 4PW

Tel (0532) 436443/4

Arts Association (Yorkshire)

Glyde House

Glydegate

Bradford BD5 0BQ

Tel (0274) 723051

BSAD

BSAD Yorkshire.& Humberside Region

Longlands Industrial Estate

Milner Way, Wakefield Road

Osset WF5 9JN

Tel (0924) 280029 ext 23

Shape Up North

191 Bellevue Road

Leeds 3

Tel (0532) 431005/6

A. Other regional arts associations

Wales:

North

10 Wellfield House

Bangor

Gwynedd LL57 1ER

Tel (0248) 353248

South East

Victoria Street

Cwmbran

Gwent N44 3JP

Tel (06333) 67530

West

Dark Gate

Red Street

Carmarthen Dyfed

Tel (0267) 234248

B. Other regional Artlink/SHAPE organisations

Scotland:

Artlink Edinburgh/Lothian

4 Forth Street

Edinburgh EHI 3LD

Tel (031) 556 6350

Project Ability

37 Otago Street

Glasgow G12 8JJ

Tel (041) 339 1787

Regional arts associations of/for disabled people

Artsline and London Disability Arts Forum

both at:

5 Crowndale Road

London N1 1TU

Tel (01) 388 2227

Appendix 2 - Addresses (specific activities)

a) British Blind Sport (BBS) affiliated bodies

Bowls

English National Association of Visually Handicapped Bowlers (ENAVHB) Secretary, 6 Queens Road, Clevedon, Avon BS21 7TH

N. Ireland Association of Visually Handicapped Bowlers (NIAVHB) Hon. Secretary/Coaching Co-ordinator, 33 Navan Court, Ballyholme, Bangor, Co. Down BT20 4HB

Scottish Association for Blind Bowlers (SABB) Secretary & Treasurer, c/o Social Work Department, 2 The Cross, Kilmarnock KA1 1RR

Welsh Association of Visually Handicapped Bowlers (WAVHB) Secretary, 27 Player Avenue, Clydach, Swansea SA6 5DW

Chess

Braille Chess Association (BCA) Secretary, 7 Coldwell Square, Crossgates, Leeds LS17 7HB

Golf

English Association of Visually Handicapped Golfers

Chairman/Secretary, 93 St Barnabas Road, Woodford Green, Essex

Scottish Association of Visually Handicapped Golfers

Secretary, 27 Calder Avenue, Parkhead, Edinburgh

NB

For information about other sports activities contact BBS, Administrative and Development Officer. (See Appendix l(a).)

b) Other organisations providing a national service in specific leisure activities

Amateur radio

Radio Amateur Invalid and Blind Club Hon. Treasurer, World’s End House, 56 High Street, Green Street Green, Kent. BR6 6BJ

Angling

Handicapped Anglers Trust

Director, 20 Belgrave Court, De La Ware Parade, Bexhill, East Sussex TN40 1NT

Handicapped Piscatorial Association Director,

29 Ironlatch Avenue, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex TN38 9JE

National Anglers Council Director, 11 Cowgate, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire PEI ILZ Tel (0733) 54084

Archery

Grand National Archery Society Disabled Archery Co-ordinator, National Agricultural Centre, Stoneleigh, Kenilworth, Warwicks CV8 2LG Tel (0203) 696631

National Association of Archery Coaches Organiser, 26 Sunnymede Drive, Gants Hill, Essex IG6 1JU

Art/painting

Conquest (The Society for Art for Physically Handicapped People) Secretary, 3 Beverley Close, East Ewell, Epsom, Surrey

KT17 3HB

William Kirby, Consultant in Art and Design for the Blind and Partially Sighted, 11 Eastgate Street, Winchester SO23 8EB Tel (0962)54003

Living Paintings Trust (Art appreciation) Chairman, Silchester House, Silchester Road, Reading RH7 2LT Tel (0308) 862566

Society for Disabled Artists (SODA) Secretary, 11 Ladygate Lane, Ruislip, Middlesex HA4 7QT

Billiards and snooker

Billiards and Snooker Control Council Secretary,

Coronet House, Queen Street, Leeds LSI 2TN Tel (0532) 440586

Camping/caravanning

Camping and Caravanning Club Secretary,

11 Lower Grosvenor Place, London SWIW QEY Tel (01) 828 1012

Canoeing

British Canoe Union Director, Mapperley Hall, Lucknow Avenue, Nottingham NG3 5FA Tel (0602) 691944

Chess

British Chess Federation Secretary, 9A Grand Parade, St Leonards on Sea, East Sussex TN38 ODD

Cycling

British Cycling Federation Chief Executive, 36 Rockingham Road, Kettering, Northants, NN16 8HG Tel (0536) 412211

Cyclists Touring Club Secretary, Cotterell House, 69 Meadrow, Godalming, Surrey GU7 7HS

Drama

National Association for Drama with the Visually Handicapped (NADVH) Secretary, Flat C, 21A Crawford Street, London WIH IPJ

Venturers Drama Group Chairman, 3E Carlton Road, Ealing, London W5 2AW

Fencing

Amateur Fencing Association Secretary,

The de Beaumont Centre, 83 Perham Road, West Kensington, London W14 9SP Tel (01) 385 7442

British Academy of Fencing 36 Higher Drive, Purley, Surrey

Football

British Football Association for the Visually Handicapped (BFAVH) Chairman, 1 Malvern Close, Prestwick, Manchester M25 5PH

Gardening

Horticultural Therapy Director, Goulds Ground, Vallis Way, Frome, Somerset BAll 3DW Tel (0373) 64782

Horticultural Therapy (HT) Advisory Committee for Blind Gardeners (ACBG) Secretary, South Regional Association for the Blind, 55 Eton Avenue, London NW3 3E.T Tel (01) 722 9703

Gliding

British Gliding Association Secretary, Kimberley House, 47 Vaughan Way, Leicester LEI 4SG Tel (0533) 531051

Golf

The Golf Foundation Director, 57 London Road, Enfield, Middlesex EN2 6DU

Gymnastics

British Amateur Gymnastics Association Secretary, 2 Buckingham Avenue East, Slough, Berks SLI 3EA Tel (0753) 32763

Holidays

British Heritage Tours Ltd Richmond Place, 125 Boughton, Chester CH3 5BJ Tel (0244 42222)

Charitylink Holiday Service Retail Travel Limited, Priestgate House, Peterborough PE1 1JX Tel (0733) 555000

Holiday Care Service Director, 2 Old Bank Chambers, Station Road, Horley, Surrey RH6 9HW, Tel (0293) 774535

Holidays for the Disabled (Young Disabled on Holiday) Chairman, 6 Eweland Drive, Boothesmere, Knutsford, Cheshire WA1 6 8AP Tel (0565) 4973

Horse-riding/pony-trekking

Riding for the Disabled Association (RDA)

Secretary, Avenue "R", National Agricultural Centre, Kenilworth, Warwicks CV8 2LY Tel (0203) 56107

Judo

British Judo Association Administrator, 9 Islington High Street, London N1 9LQ Tel (01) 833 4424

Literature

National Library for the Blind Director, Cromwell Road, Bredbury, Stockport SK6 2SG Tel (061) 494 0217

Scottish Braille Press Manager, Craigmillar Park, Edinburgh EH16 5NB Tel (031) 662 4445

Talking Newspaper Association of the UK Secretary,

High Street, Heathfield, East Sussex TN21 8JB Tel (04352) 6102

Photography

Disabled Photographers’ Society (DPS) Chairman, 151 Sandy Lane South, Wallington, Surrey SM6 9NP

Rambling

The Ramblers Association Secretary, 1-5 Wandsworth Road, London SW8 2XX Tel (01) 582 6878

Rowing

Amateur Rowing Association (Rowing for the Disabled)

6 Lower Mall, Hammersmith, London W6 9DJ Tel (01) 748 3632

Sailing

Jubilee Sailing Trust Director, Test Road, Eastern Docks, Southampton SO1 1GG Tel (0703) 631388

RYA Seamanship Foundation Director, 22/24 Romsey Road, Eastleigh, Hants SO5 4AL Tel (0703) 629962

Island Cruising Club Dinghy Master, The Island, Salcombe, South Devon, TQ8 8DR Tel (0548) 843481

Swimming

Amateur Swimming Association Secretary, Harold Fern House, Derby Square, Loughborough Leics LEII OAL Tel (0509) 230431

Ski-ing

British Ski Club for the Disabled (BSCD) Chairman, "Springmount", Berwick St John, Shaftesbury, Dorset SP70HQ

Tandem cycling

The Tandem Club Liaison Officer for the Visually Handicapped, Worlds End House, 56 High Street, Green Street Green,

Kent BR6 6BJ

Trampolining,

British Trampoline Federation Ltd Secretary, 152A College Road, Harrow, Middx HAl IVH Tel (01) 863-7278

Water ski-ing

British Disabled Water-Ski Association (BDWSA) Secretary, 18 Greville Park Avenue, Ashtead, Surrey KT21 2QS

Weightlifting

British Amateur Weightlifters’ Association Secretary, 3 Iffley Turn, Oxford Tel (0865) 778319

General

Disabled Living Foundation (DLF) General Secretary, (Visual Handicap and Music Advisers) 380-384 Harrow Road, London W9 2HU Tel (01) 289 6111

Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (RADAR) Director, 25 Mortimer Street, London W1N 8AB Tel (01) 637 5400

South Regional Association for the Blind (SRAB) General.. Secretary, 55 Eton Avenue, London NW3 3ET Tel (01) 7229703

For details of sports governing bodies not detailed above, contact the Sports Council, BSAD, RNIB/SLO or BBS/ADO

Appendix 3 - Resource material

a) Publications (Books)

(Where publication is not generally available, address of publisher is given.)

General

"Textbook of Sport for the Disabled", Sir L Guttmann (184 pp), H M & M (Aylesbury) (1976), from: H M & M Publishers Ltd, Milton Road, Aylesbury, Bucks. (£14.95).

"Joining in: integrated sport and leisure for disabled people" N Croucher (24 pp), Disabled Study Unit (1977) from: DSU, Wildhanger, Amberley, Arundel, West Sussex BN18 9NR (£1).

"Informal Countryside Recreation for Disabled People" (79 pp), Countryside Commission (1981), from: Countryside Commission (free).

"Outdoor Pursuits for Disabled People", N Croucher (180 pp) Woodhead-Faulkener (1981) from: Disabled Living Foundation (Sales) Ltd (£11.50).

"Directory of Outdoor Education Centres in Scotland" (116 pp), Countryside Commission, from: Countryside Commission (Scotland)

(£2.50).

"The Arts and Disabilities" edited by G Lord (135 pp), McDonald Publishers (1981), from: Carnegie (UK) Trust, Comely Park House, Dunfermline, Fife KY12 7EJ (£3.00).

"Swimming for the Disabled", Association of Swim Therapy (146 pp), A ¯ & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, (1981), from: A & C Black, 35 Bedford

Row, London WC1R 4JH (£4.95).

"Directory of Outdoor Activity Centres in the UK" (98 pp), Sports Council (Information Bulletin No 1) (1982), from: Sports Council

(£3.50).

"Directory of Sports Organisations for the Disabled" (104 pp), Charities Aid Foundation (1983), from: CAF, 48 Pembury Road, Tonbridge, Kent TN29 2JD (£3.00).

"Water Sports for the Disabled" BSAD Water Sports Division (256 pp), E P Publishing Ltd (1983), from: Sports Council (£9.95).

"Sports and Recreation Provision or Disabled People" (90 pp), edited by N Thomson, Disabled Living Foundation (1984), from: DLF (Sales) Ltd, (£12.95).

"Arts and Disability Organisations and Projects" (44 pp), Arts Council (1985), from: Arts Council (free).

"Arts and Disabled People" (Attenborough Report) (158 pp), Bedford Square Press (NCVO) (1985), from: Bedford Square Press, 26 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3HU (£5.50).

"After Attenborough, Arts and Disabled People - Carnegie Council Review" (126 pp), Bedford Square Press (NCVO) (1988), from: Bedford Square Press, 26 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3HU (£5.95).

"Arts for Everyone" Anne Pearson (110 pp), Centre on Environment for the Handicapped/CUKT (1985), from: CEH, 35 Great Smith Street, London SWlP 3BJ (£6.00).

"Spectators Access Guide for Disabled People", Peter Lawton (368 pp), Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (1986), from: RADAR (£3.00)

"Arts Centres and Creative Opportunities for Disabled People", Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (1987), from: RADAR (£3.00).

"The Creative Tree, Active Participation in the Arts for People with Disabilities", Gina Levete, Michael Russell Ltd (1987), from: Michael Russell Ltd, Wilton, Salisbury.

"Creative Recreation for blind and visually impaired adults" Irene Ludwig, Lynne Luxton and Marie Attmore (47 pp), American Foundation for the Blind (1988), from: American Foundation for the Blind, 15 West 16th Street, New York NY 10011 (free).

"RNIB Equipment & Games Catalogue" (+ price list), RNIB (1988), from: RNIB Production and Distribution Centre, Peterborough (free).

"Directory for the Disabled" Chapter 10 (Sports and Leisure Activities) A Darnborough and K Kinrade (15 pp) (4th Edition), Woodhead- Faulkener (revised 2-yearly), from: RADAR (£15.00).

"Facilities for the Disabled and Visually Handicapped" (Directory)

(39 pp), National Trust (published annually), from: National Trust (free).

"In Touch Handbook", Chapter 13 (Leisure), (15 pp), British Broadcasting Corporation (revised annually), from: Broadcasting Support Services, In Touch Handbook, PO Box 7, London W3 6XJ (£8.50).

"Sports Centres for Disabled People" Struan Simpson (624 pp), Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (1989), from: RADAR

(£3.00).

"The Countryside and Wildlife for Disabled People" (3rd Edition) (168 pp), Royal Association for Disability and Rehabilitation (1989), from: RADAR (£4.50).

2. Specific activities

"Guide to Fishing Facilities for Disabled Anglers" (114 pp), National Anglers Council (1977), from: NAC (£1.00).

"They said we couldn’t do it" (51 pp) (Sailing), RYA Seamanship Foundation (1981), from: RYA (£1.00).

"Swimming for the Disabled", Association of Swim Therapy (146 pp), A & C Black (Publishers) Ltd, (1981), from: A & C Black, 35 Bedford Row, London WC1R 4JH (£4.95).

BSAD Sport and Leisure Series:- 1. "Archery" A Webb (57 pp), 2. "Athletics" M Gallagher (61 pp), MG Books, from: BSAD (free).

"No Handicap to Dance" by G Levete (140 pp), Souvenir Press (E & A) Ltd (1982), from: Souvenir Press, 43 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3PA (free).

BCU Canoeing Booklet No 10 "Canoeing for Disabled People" R Moore (11 pp), British Canoe Union (1982), from: British Canoe Union (free).

"Touch and See", Adult Education Department, University of Leicester (1987), from: Adult Education Department, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH (£4.50).

"Gardening without sight" Kathleen Fleet (57 pp), RNIB (1989), from" RNIB and SRAB (£2.50).

4. Journals

"Sport and Leisure" (two monthly), Sports Council, from: Sports Council (50p).

Yearbooks (national and regional), British Sports Association for the Disabled, from: BSAD (HQ and Regions) (free)

"Participation" (quarterly), British Blind Sport (Wehcelle Publications), from: BBS (50p).

b) Publications (Papers)

1. General

"Sport for Visually Handicapped People: Two Perspectives", C Attrill and J Deaper, (supplement- two lists of activities) (6 pp), RNIB (1981) and BSAD Southern Region (1983), from" RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Coaching disabled people" Dr R Price, National Coaching Foundation (1985), from: NCF or BSAD (free).

"Access to the Arts"- an issues paper. The Arts Council (1985), from: the Arts Council.

"Good Management of Local Blind Sports Clubs" A Mabert (4 pp), RNIB (ex IBSA Conference Report) (1986), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Technical aspects of coaching visually impaired athletes" D Teager (6 pp), RNIB (ex-New Beacon) (1986), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Talking Touch", Seminar on the use of touch in museums and galleries (50 pp), RNIB, (1988), from: RNIB Leisure Service (£1.25).

"Art and Touch Education for Visually Handicapped People" (103 pp), Adult Education Department, University of Leicester (1988), from: Adult Education Department, University of Leicester, University Road,

Leicester, LE1 7RH.

Bibliographies:

"Sport", "Recreation", (for the blind) and "Sport and PE for blind children", RNIB Reference Library, from: RNIB.

"Art Appreciation", "Creative Expression through Art", RNIB Reference Library, from: RNIB.

Specific groups

"Some Considerations for teaching PE to Children with Impaired Sight", RNIB (ex- Physical Education for Special Needs, edited by

L Groves) (7 pp) (1979), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Games for Deaf-Blind Children" Miss J Shields (2 pp), RNIB (1983), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Games for Blind Children" R Hinds (2 pp), RNIB (ex-New Beacon) (1986), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

Specific activities

"Woodwork for Visually Handicapped People" P Jones, (36 pp), RNIB (ex-New Beacon), from: RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"The Enjoyment of Gardens by Blind and Partially Sighted People" (8 pp), South-Regional Association for the Blind (1979), from: SRAB and RNIB Leisure Service (free).

"Directory of Scented Gardens and Gardens for Blind/Disabled People’’(23 pp), RNIB (1984), from: RNIB Leisure Service (£1.25).

"Come Gardening Magazine and Cassette Library for Blind Gardeners" (inform